Social Currency

Will a community revitalization strategy centered on the arts awaken us from the economic doldrums?  If the first 34 ArtPlace projects are representative of that approach, then the answer is yes. 

It’s hard not to feel worn down by the news lately.  The statistics are sobering – our unemployment rate is still above 9% and the poverty rate rose to 15.1% - the highest level in almost two decades.  The stock market is down since January of this year, and it’s not clear that President Obama’s jobs bill will make it through Congress successfully.  In our work with nonprofits all around the country, we are seeing this news unfold right in front of our eyes – with continued weakness across the sector.

ArtPlace

But in New York City, an abandoned East Harlem school will soon offer 90 housing units for artists and 13,000 square feet of community space for arts-related non-profits – while simultaneously promoting the neighborhood as a major Latino cultural capital.  In Wilson, North Carolina, an Art Park is taking shape – featuring Vollis Simpson’s enormous whirligig sculptures—and spurring the development of an “industrial artisan district” that will both attract artists and provide skilled workforce training.  And in Detroit – where unemployment well exceeds the national average – the creation of the Sugar Hill Arts District is allowing for a rebirth of Detroit’s cultural identity.  A planned redevelopment of vacant property and an outdoor arts venue will create jobs and increase attraction to the downtown.  Likewise, adjacent to the Watts Towers in Los Angeles, three houses will be rehabilitated to showcase the work of visiting artists and attract new visitors. Projects like these – bubbling up around the nation –further validate the nonprofit (and now the cultural) sector’s role in boosting employment, revitalizing communities and realizing neighborhood change.  

And it’s not just grant money that will drive community and economic development.  As part of the ArtPlace initiative, NFF will also administer a $12 million loan pool available to organizations advancing place-based work.  What we have learned during NFF’s 30 year history as a lender and advisor to cultural organizations is that knowing how and when to use debt is a key component to managing an organization.  The loan pool will provide an opportunity for organizations possibly left out of the credit market to use debt as part of their strategy for growth and development. 

While creative placemaking is not a new vehicle for economic change, ArtPlace takes a novel approach – bringing together an innovative public-private partnership (with NEA and seven other supporting federal agencies), critical grant funds (ten private foundations), and access to credit (six financial institutions) so that a full complement of capital is available in making all of these communities vibrant places to work and live.   

We don’t need a golden ticket to realize successful economic development.  We need more of the innovation and partnership inherent in ArtPlace, and if we can foster more initiatives like this, I’m confident that we will succeed.

In times of recession, financial uncertainty and job stability are at the top of everyone's minds. They come to the forefront of the national agenda, spurring our government to step up and take action (whether sufficient or not). But for some workers, job instability may be more than a passing trend. 


Of the 1,935 organizations that responded to our State of the Sector Survey this year, we took a closer look at organizations reporting higher percentages of contract workers on staff. While most sectors had relatively lower percentages of contract workers, the arts (represented by 373 survey respondents) dramatically stood out.

While 48% of non-arts organizations had no contract workers, only 25% of arts organizations operated without contract workers. 23% of arts nonprofits operated with 76-99% of staff as contract workers, compared to only 3% for the rest of respondents. 6% of ARTS organizations operated with 100% of staff on contract.

There are a number of reasons why organizations might need to rely heavily on contract workers. Younger or start-up organizations still gaining their footing often employ on contract to minimize the costs and complexities associated with providing extensive employee benefits. They also have less visibility into their futures and are less able to guarantee long-term employment.

For arts organizations that operate on small budgets, a few dollars can make a major difference in both mission impact and stability. Small nonprofits may rely on higher percentages of contract workers and volunteers to maintain more agility and do more with less. Of the smallest arts organizations that responded--91 organizations with budgets under $250,000--substantial 21% operated with their entire staff on contract. When we compared these numbers to small nonprofits across the board, however, the numbers weren't quite so stark. Of the total 333 organizations with budgets under $250,000, 15% operated with an entire staff of contract workers.

So what might make arts organizations different?

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